Welcome to Dr. Kate Brilakis' Learning Portal
Sphenoid Bone:
sella turcica
Occipital Bone:
occipital condyles
foramen magnum
Ethmoid:
cribriform plate
forms roof of nasal cavity
cribform foramina
Thoracic Vertebrae (T1-T12)
costal facet (head of rib fits here)
transverse costal facet
(tubercle of rib fits here)
Sacral Vertebrae / Sacrum
fusion of five sacral vertebrae (S1-S5)
articulates with L5 and coccyx
sacral canal
sacral hiatus
sacral foramina
sacral promontory
anterior surface of S1
median sacral crest
and your tailbone...
Coccyx/ coccygeal vertebrae
articular cartilage
diaphysis
metaphysis
epiphysis
periosteum
endosteum
yellow marrow
red marrow
medullary canal (cavity)
Cervical Vertbrae (C1- C7)
C1 = “atlas” with superior articulating
facet to occipital bone of skull
C2 = “axis” with odontoid process
C1 - C7 have transverse foramina
Thoracic Cage =
Sternum + Ribs + Costal cartilage + Thoracic Vertebrae
Sternum
manubrium
body
xiphoid process
Frontal Bone:
supraorbital foramen
bone types
Facial Bones:
Mandible (1)
Maxillae (2)
Lacrimal (2)
Nasal (2)
Zygomatic (2)
Vomer (1)
Palatine (2)
Skull Sutures (joints):
Identify the bones
joined by each suture:
squamous suture
coronal suture
sagittal suture
lambdoidal suture
specific vertebrae:
cervical/thoracic/lumbar
Lacrimal Bone
Vertebral Column = 3 groups of vertebrae + sacrum + coccyx
How many vertebrae are in each grouping?
Cervical = 7 Thoracic = 12 Lumbar = 5
Paranasal Sinuses =
air-filled space w/in skull bones:
Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Maxillary
Maxillae:
palatine processes
alveolar process
Part 2:
Appendicular Skeleton = shoulder girdle + pelvic girdle + upper & lower extremities
ouch
Temporal bones:
mandibular fossa
zygomatic process
mastoid process
styloid process
Hyoid Bone:
does not articulate with any other bone.
serves as attachment site for muscles of tongue and neck
compact bone
Cranial Bones:
Parietal (2)
Occipital (1)
Sphenoid (1)
Temporal (2)
Frontal (1)
Ethmoid (1)
Mandible:
body & ramus of mandible condylar process
also called mandicular process
mental foramen
Ribs/Costal Bones:
12 pairs of ribs
7 pairs of “true ribs”
3 pairs of “false ribs”
2 pairs floating ribs
costal cartilage
Part 1:
The Axial Skeleton:
The Skull
Skull = cranial bones + facial bones
General Features of Vertebrae:
vertebral body
transverse process
spinous process
vertebral foramen
superior & inferior articular facets
Rib w/
shaft (body)
tubercle
neck
head
Part 1:
The Axial Skeleton:
Axial Skeleton = skull + thoracic cage + vertebral column
long bone anatomy
Bone tissue
compact bone w/
Osteons (Haversian systems)
Haversian canal
osteocyte
lacuna
canaliculi
Lumbar Vertebrae (L1-L5)
“chunkier” than cervical or thoracic vertebrae
The Skeletal System
Axial Skeleton: Vertebrae and Ribs